Hydra-RAN: Multi-Functional Communications and Sensing Networks Applications: Intelligent Parking Systems

Smart cities and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) confront substantial urban mobility challenges, with parking management emerging as a particularly complex subsystem. The operational efficacy of these systems is fundamentally constrained by dynamic stochastic variables, including spatiotemporal resource distribution, demand volatility, multimodal traffic interdependencies, and competing urban development priorities. These factors generate nonlinear system behaviors that manifest as chronic inefficiencies in parking resource allocation, ultimately degrading overall urban mobility performance. The Hydra radio access network (Hydra-RAN) is envisioned as a next-generation multifunctional (NG-MF) platform. A comprehensive solution designed to consolidate existing networks and technologies into a cohesive, integrated framework. This advanced architecture promotes a synergistic environment, enabling the simultaneous operation of multiple networks and applications. While Hydra-RAN supports a broad spectrum of applications, this study focuses specifically on its perceptive parking management -an innovative solution enabled by the network’s distinctive integration of multi-sparse input processing and multi-task learning (SMTL) paradigms. This approach provides intelligent real-time classification and dynamic allocation of available parking spaces through edge network nodes. The system’s advanced capabilities stem from three key technological integrations: (1) continuous processing of real-time urban data streams, (2) a hierarchical framework for computational task distribution across three integrated tiers: edge computing (EC), fog computing (FC), and cloud computing (CC), and (3) semantic communication protocols, collectively representing a paradigm shift in intelligent parking management. Our proposed solution demonstrated a 50% reduction in communication overhead, 75% improved real-time decision-making accuracy, and enhanced scalability in modern urban environments. These results have significant implications, e.g., for reducing operational costs, improving resource utilization, and supporting sustainable urban development.