A Comprehensive Review of Multilevel Inverter Topologies and Control Strategies for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Battery Energy Storage Systems Integrating Active Power Filter | Zendy

Julius O. Uwagboe | Zendy; Akshay Kumar Saha | Zendy

Open Access

A Comprehensive Review of Multilevel Inverter Topologies and Control Strategies for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Battery Energy Storage Systems Integrating Active Power Filter

Author(s) -

Julius O. Uwagboe,

Akshay Kumar Saha

Publication year - 2025

Publication title -

ieee access

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Magazines

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.587

H-Index - 127

eISSN - 2169-3536

DOI - 10.1109/access.2025.3615104

Subject(s) - aerospace , bioengineering , communication, networking and broadcast technologies , components, circuits, devices and systems , computing and processing , engineered materials, dielectrics and plasmas , engineering profession , fields, waves and electromagnetics , general topics for engineers , geoscience , nuclear engineering , photonics and electrooptics , power, energy and industry applications , robotics and control systems , signal processing and analysis , transportation

The growing integration of renewable energy sources (RESs), especially solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, has intensified the demand for high-quality and stable grid connections. This study reviewed shunt active power filter (SAPF) configurations and multilevel converters (MLCs), with a focus on improving power quality, scalability, and fault diagnostics in large-scale PV and battery energy storage systems (BESS) applications. A comprehensive methodology was employed to review and analyze multilevel SAPF topologies, inverter control strategies, modulation techniques, and hybrid semiconductor devices. The research discussed integration challenges, including current harmonics, voltage instability, and fault localization in MLCs using model-based and data-driven strategies. Review findings highlight the superior performance of five-level MLC-based SAPFs in reducing harmonic distortion, improving waveform quality, and enhancing control flexibility. Additionally, hybrid Si/SiC switch strategies and advanced modulation techniques like LS-PWM and predictive control demonstrate improved efficiency and fault tolerance in grid-connected applications. The study recommends further development of intelligent control schemes, modular SAPF design, and integration with energy storage for robust and adaptive grid systems. Advancements in semiconductor technologies and AI-based diagnostics are key to future reliability and performance enhancements.

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