Millimeter-wave 2D Retrodirective Beamformer based on Waveguide Rotman Lens | Zendy

Sooyoung Oh | Zendy; Yeonsoo Kim | Zendy; Kyungbin Cho | Zendy; Hojin Lee | Zendy; Juntaek Oh | Zendy; Sun K. Hong | Zendy

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Millimeter-wave 2D Retrodirective Beamformer based on Waveguide Rotman Lens

Author(s) -

Sooyoung Oh,

Yeonsoo Kim,

Kyungbin Cho,

Hojin Lee,

Juntaek Oh,

Sun K. Hong

Publication year - 2025

Publication title -

ieee access

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Magazines

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.587

H-Index - 127

eISSN - 2169-3536

DOI - 10.1109/access.2025.3591778

Subject(s) - aerospace , bioengineering , communication, networking and broadcast technologies , components, circuits, devices and systems , computing and processing , engineered materials, dielectrics and plasmas , engineering profession , fields, waves and electromagnetics , general topics for engineers , geoscience , nuclear engineering , photonics and electrooptics , power, energy and industry applications , robotics and control systems , signal processing and analysis , transportation

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) technologies offer high directivity and narrow beamwidth with compact size, making them suitable for wireless power transfer (WPT). To support efficient beam steering, retrodirective operation is advantageous. While prior Rotman lens-based retrodirective systems have focused on one-dimensional (1D) beamforming, their applicability is limited. To enable more adaptive and efficient beamforming, two-dimensional (2D) beamforming is essential which can be achieved with Rotman lens as it features fully passive, true-time delay operation. Therefore, this paper proposes a waveguide-based Rotman lens beamformer capable of two-dimensional (2D) retrodirective beamforming implemented using a two-stage stacked lens structure that independently handles azimuth and elevation planes. Operating at 33 GHz in the Ka-band, the beamformer enables beam steering at 10° intervals within ±20° (azimuth) and ±10° (elevation) using 15 input and 16 output ports. Simulation and measurement validate the feasibility of the proposed design for high-performance mmWaves WPT applications.

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