Open AccessThe Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector at the European XFEL
Author(s) -
Allahgholi Aschkan,
Becker Julian,
Delfs Annette,
Dinapoli Roberto,
Goettlicher Peter,
Greiffenberg Dominic,
Henrich Beat,
Hirsemann Helmut,
Kuhn Manuela,
Klanner Robert,
Klyuev Alexander,
Krueger Hans,
Lange Sabine,
Laurus Torsten,
Marras Alessandro,
Mezza Davide,
Mozzanica Aldo,
Niemann Magdalena,
Poehlsen Jennifer,
Schwandt Joern,
Sheviakov Igor,
Shi Xintian,
Smoljanin Sergej,
Steffen Lothar,
Sztuk-Dambietz Jolanta,
Trunk Ulrich,
Xia Qingqing,
Zeribi Mourad,
Zhang Jiaguo,
Zimmer Manfred,
Schmitt Bernd,
Graafsma Heinz
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of synchrotron radiation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.172
H-Index - 99
ISSN - 1600-5775
DOI - 10.1107/s1600577518016077
Subject(s) - physics , detector , optics , pixel , laser , free electron laser , amplifier , noise (video) , dynamic range , photon , burst mode (computing) , high gain antenna , optoelectronics , computer science , electrical engineering , cmos , engineering , image (mathematics) , artificial intelligence
The Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector (AGIPD) is an X‐ray imager, custom designed for the European X‐ray Free‐Electron Laser (XFEL). It is a fast, low‐noise integrating detector, with an adaptive gain amplifier per pixel. This has an equivalent noise of less than 1 keV when detecting single photons and, when switched into another gain state, a dynamic range of more than 10 4 photons of 12 keV. In burst mode the system is able to store 352 images while running at up to 6.5 MHz, which is compatible with the 4.5 MHz frame rate at the European XFEL. The AGIPD system was installed and commissioned in August 2017, and successfully used for the first experiments at the Single Particles, Clusters and Biomolecules (SPB) experimental station at the European XFEL since September 2017. This paper describes the principal components and performance parameters of the system.