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A high‐throughput assembly of beam‐shaping channel‐cut monochromators for laboratory high‐resolution X‐ray diffraction and small‐angle X‐ray scattering experiments
Author(s) -
Nadazdy Peter,
Hagara Jakub,
Mikulik Petr,
Zaprazny Zdenko,
Korytar Dusan,
Majkova Eva,
Jergel Matej,
Siffalovic Peter
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of applied crystallography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.429
H-Index - 162
ISSN - 1600-5767
DOI - 10.1107/s1600576721002338
Subject(s) - monochromator , optics , collimated light , detector , physics , transmittance , scattering , diffraction , beam (structure) , resolution (logic) , beam divergence , materials science , beam diameter , laser , wavelength , artificial intelligence , laser beams , computer science
A four‐bounce monochromator assembly composed of Ge(111) and Ge(220) monolithic channel‐cut monochromators with V‐shaped channels in a quasi‐dispersive configuration is presented. The assembly provides an optimal design in terms of the highest transmittance and photon flux density per detector pixel while maintaining high beam collimation. A monochromator assembly optimized for the highest recorded intensity per detector pixel of a linear detector placed 2.5 m behind the assembly was realized and tested by high‐resolution X‐ray diffraction and small‐angle X‐ray scattering measurements using a microfocus X‐ray source. Conventional symmetric and asymmetric Ge(220) Bartels monochromators were similarly tested and the results were compared. The new assembly provides a transmittance that is an order of magnitude higher and 2.5 times higher than those provided by the symmetric and asymmetric Bartels monochromators, respectively, while the output beam divergence is twice that of the asymmetric Bartels monochromator. These results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed monochromator assembly in cases where the resolution can be partially sacrificed in favour of higher transmittance while still maintaining high beam collimation. Weakly scattering samples such as nanostructures are an example. A general advantage of the new monochromator is a significant reduction in the exposure time required to collect usable experimental data. A comparison of the theoretical and experimental results also reveals the current limitations of the technology of polishing hard‐to‐reach surfaces in X‐ray crystal optics.