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Protein crystals IR laser ablated from aqueous solution at high speed retain their diffractive properties: applications in high‐speed serial crystallography
Author(s) -
Schulz Eike C.,
Kaub Johannes,
Busse Frederik,
Mehrabi Pedram,
Müller-Werkmeister Henrike M.,
Pai Emil F.,
Robertson Wesley D.,
Miller R. J. Dwayne
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of applied crystallography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.429
H-Index - 162
ISSN - 1600-5767
DOI - 10.1107/s1600576717014479
Subject(s) - laser , femtosecond , materials science , synchrotron , crystal (programming language) , diffraction , nucleation , aqueous solution , optics , chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , computer science , physics , programming language , organic chemistry , chromatography
In order to utilize the high repetition rates now available at X‐ray free‐electron laser sources for serial crystallography, methods must be developed to softly deliver large numbers of individual microcrystals at high repetition rates and high speeds. Picosecond infrared laser (PIRL) pulses, operating under desorption by impulsive vibrational excitation (DIVE) conditions, selectively excite the OH vibrational stretch of water to directly propel the excited volume at high speed with minimized heating effects, nucleation formation or cavitation‐induced shock waves, leaving the analytes intact and undamaged. The soft nature and laser‐based sampling flexibility provided by the technique make the PIRL system an interesting crystal delivery approach for serial crystallography. This paper demonstrates that protein crystals extracted directly from aqueous buffer solution via PIRL‐DIVE ablation retain their diffractive properties and can be usefully exploited for structure determination at synchrotron sources. The remaining steps to implement the technology for high‐speed serial femtosecond crystallography, such as single‐crystal localization, high‐speed sampling and synchronization, are described. This proof‐of‐principle experiment demonstrates the viability of a new laser‐based high‐speed crystal delivery system without the need for liquid‐jet injectors or fixed‐target mounting solutions.