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Growth and annealing kinetics of α‐sexithiophene and fullerene C 60 mixed films
Author(s) -
Lorch Christopher,
Broch Katharina,
Belova Valentina,
Duva Giuliano,
Hinderhofer Alexander,
Gerlach Alexander,
Jankowski Maciej,
Schreiber Frank
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of applied crystallography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.429
H-Index - 162
ISSN - 1600-5767
DOI - 10.1107/s1600576716009936
Subject(s) - annealing (glass) , diffraction , materials science , thin film , kinetics , crystallography , fullerene , chemical engineering , chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , nanotechnology , optics , organic chemistry , composite material , physics , engineering , quantum mechanics
Thin films of α‐sexithiophene (6T) and C 60 mixtures deposited on nSiO substrates at 303 and 373 K were investigated in real time and in situ during the film growth using X‐ray diffraction. The mixtures are observed to contain the well known 6T low‐temperature crystal phase and the β phase, which usually coexist in pure 6T films. The addition of C 60 modifies the structure to almost purely β‐phase‐dominated films if the substrate is at 303 K. In contrast, at 373 K the low‐temperature crystal phase of 6T dominates the film growth of the mixtures. Post‐growth annealing experiments up to 373 K on equimolar mixtures and pure 6T films were also performed and followed in real time with X‐ray diffraction. Annealing of pure 6T films results in a strong increase of film ordering, whereas annealing of equimolar 6T:C 60 mixed films does not induce any significant changes in the film structure. These results lend further support to theories about the important influence of C 60 on the growth behaviour and structure formation process of 6T in mixtures of the two materials.