Open AccessOptimizing a flow‐through X‐ray transmission cell for studies of temporal and spatial variations of ion distributions at mineral–water interfaces
Author(s) -
Lee Sang Soo,
Fenter Paul,
Park Changyong
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of synchrotron radiation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.172
H-Index - 99
ISSN - 1600-5775
DOI - 10.1107/s0909049512041568
Subject(s) - muscovite , absorption (acoustics) , volumetric flow rate , ion , analytical chemistry (journal) , desorption , volume (thermodynamics) , chemistry , adsorption , temporal resolution , x ray , flow (mathematics) , materials science , optics , thermodynamics , chromatography , mechanics , physics , quartz , organic chemistry , composite material
The optimization of an X‐ray transmission‐cell design for high‐resolution X‐ray reflectivity measurements of the kinetics and thermodynamics of reactions at mineral–solution interfaces is presented. The transmission cell is equipped with a liquid flow system consisting of a pair of automated syringe pumps whose relative flow rates control the composition of a solution injected into the cell with ∼1% precision. The reflectivity measurements from the muscovite‐(001)–solution interface at photon energies of 15–16.5 keV show that the cell is useful for probing interfacial ion adsorption–desorption experiments at a time scale of several seconds or slower. The time resolution is achieved with a small‐volume (∼0.22 ml) reaction chamber to facilitate fast solution exchange. Additional reductions in reaction chamber volume will improve both the data quality by reducing X‐ray absorption through the solution and the time resolution by increasing the solution exchange rate in the cell.