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Symmetry groups of Moroccan geometric woodwork patterns
Author(s) -
Aboufadil Youssef,
Thalal Abdelmalek,
Raghni My Ahmed El Idrissi
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of applied crystallography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.429
H-Index - 162
ISSN - 1600-5767
DOI - 10.1107/s0021889813027726
Subject(s) - symmetry (geometry) , construct (python library) , plane symmetry , symmetry operation , motif (music) , combinatorics , geometric pattern , mathematics , group (periodic table) , pure mathematics , geometry , computer science , physics , geometric shape , quantum mechanics , acoustics , programming language
Many works report the classification and analysis of geometric patterns, particularly those found in the Alhambra, Spain, but few authors have been interested in Moroccan motifs, especially those made on wood. Studies and analyses made on nearly a thousand Moroccan patterns constructed on wood and belonging to different periods between the 14th and 19th centuries show that, despite their great diversity, only five plane groups are present. Groups p 4 mm and c 2 mm are predominant, p 6 mm and p 2 mm are less frequent, while p 4 gm is rare. In this work, it is shown that it is possible to obtain the 17 plane symmetry groups by using a master craftsmen's method called Hasba . The set of patterns are generated from n ‐fold rosettes, considered as the basic motif, by the Hasba method. The combination and the overlap between these basic elements generate other basic elements. By repeating these basic elements, it is possible to construct patterns having various symmetry groups. In this article, only uncoloured patterns are considered and the interlace patterns are disregarded.