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Novel sample preparation technique for protein crystal X‐ray crystallographic analysis combining microfluidics and acoustic manipulation
Author(s) -
Oberti Stefano,
Möller Dirk,
Gutmann Sascha,
Neild Adrian,
Dual Jürg
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of applied crystallography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.429
H-Index - 162
ISSN - 1600-5767
DOI - 10.1107/s0021889809019177
Subject(s) - body orifice , fluidics , goniometer , materials science , diffraction , protein crystallization , crystal (programming language) , crystallography , microfluidics , optics , nanotechnology , crystallization , mechanical engineering , computer science , chemistry , physics , electrical engineering , programming language , organic chemistry , engineering
In order to perform X‐ray crystallographic analysis, protein crystals are removed from their growing solution by means of a nylon loop, which is then mounted on a goniometer. As this process is repeated for a large number of crystals, there is a need for automation, especially with regard to the placement on the nylon loop. A novel technique involving the use of acoustic radiation forces and a micro‐machined fluidic device is introduced here. After insertion into the micro‐machined channel, the crystals are positioned in a row along its centre‐line by excitation of a high‐frequency standing pressure field, and then moved towards an orifice by applying a flow along the channel, which also ensures spatial separation. Once located in a defined orifice, the single crystals can be removed using a nylon loop. X‐ray crystallographic analysis showed that application of ultrasound does not influence the diffraction properties of the crystals.