Mitosis | Zendy

J. Richard McIntosh | Zendy

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Mitosis

Author(s) -

J. Richard McIntosh

Publication year - 2016

Publication title -

cold spring harbor perspectives in biology

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 6.011

H-Index - 173

ISSN - 1943-0264

DOI - 10.1101/cshperspect.a023218

Subject(s) - biology , cytokinesis , mitosis , spindle apparatus , microbiology and biotechnology , spindle pole body , spindle checkpoint , aurora b kinase , cell division , chromosome segregation , microtubule , multipolar spindles , function (biology) , genetics , gene , chromosome , cell

SUMMARYAll eukaryotic cells prepare for cell division by forming a "mitotic spindle"-a bipolar machine made from microtubules (MTs) and many associated proteins. This device organizes the already duplicated DNA so one copy of each chromosome attaches to each end of the spindle. Both formation and function of the spindle require controlled MT dynamics, as well as the actions of multiple motor enzymes. Spindle-driven motions separate the duplicated chromosomes into two distinct sets that are then moved toward opposite ends of the cell. The two cells that subsequently form by cytokinesis, therefore, contain all the genes needed to grow and divide again.

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