Open AccessGenotype patterns of contemporary reassorted H3N2 virus in US swine
Author(s) -
Pravina Kitikoon,
Martha I. Nelson,
Mary Lea Killian,
Tavis K. Anderson,
Leo Koster,
Marie Culhane,
Amy L. Vincent
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of general virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.55
H-Index - 167
eISSN - 1465-2099
pISSN - 0022-1317
DOI - 10.1099/vir.0.051839-0
Subject(s) - biology , virology , phylogenetic tree , genotype , genome , virus , reassortment , genetics , antigenic shift , clade , antigenic drift , phylogenetics , influenza a virus , gene , covid-19 , medicine , disease , pathology , infectious disease (medical specialty)
To understand the evolution of swine-origin H3N2v influenza viruses that have infected 320 humans in the USA since August 2011, we performed a phylogenetic analysis at a whole genome scale of North American swine influenza viruses ( n = 200). All viral isolates evolved from the prototypical North American H3 cluster 4 (c4), with evidence for further diversification into subclusters. At least ten distinct reassorted H3N2/pandemic H1N1 (rH3N2p) genotypes were identified in swine. Genotype 1 (G1) was most frequently detected in swine and all human H3N2v viruses clustered within a single G1 clade. These data suggest that the genetic requirements for transmission to humans may be restricted to a specific subset of swine viruses. Mutations at putative antigenic sites as well as reduced serological cross-reactivity among the H3 subclusters suggest antigenic drift of these contemporary viruses.