Paraflavitalea devenefica sp. nov., isolated from urban soil

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, mesophilic, milky white-pigmented, aerobic, non-spore-forming and non-flagellated bacterium, designated strain X16 T , was isolated from urban soil of Zibo, Shandong, China. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolate showed highest similarities with Paraflavitalea soli 5GH32-13 T (97.6 %), Pseudoflavitalea soli KIS20-3 T (96.2 %), Pseudobacter ginsenosidimutans Gsoil 221 T (96.0 %) and Pseudoflavitalea rhizosphaerae T16R-265 T (95.8 %). The neighbour-joining tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain X16 T formed a subcluster with Paraflavitalea soli 5GH32-13 T , and the subcluster was closely related to Pseudoflavitalea soli KIS20-3 T , Pseudobacter ginsenosidimutans Gsoil 221 T and Pseudoflavitalea rhizosphaerae T16R-265 T . Strain X16 T also formed a subcluster with Paraflavitalea soli 5GH32-13 T in phylogenetic tree based on genomic sequences. The polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown aminolipids, two unknown aminophospholipids, two unknown lipids and two unknown phospholipids. The major quinone of strain X16 T is menaquinone-7 and the main fatty acids (>10 % of total fatty acids) of strain X16 T are iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C 15 : 1 G. The genome length of strain X16 T is 8.7 Mb with a DNA G+C content of 47.4 %. ANI values among strain X16 T and strain Paraflavitalea soli 5GH32-13 T , Pseudobacter ginsenosidimutans Gsoil 221 T , and Pseudoflavitalea rhizosphaerae T16R-265 T are 78.1, 70.7, 70.6 %, respectively. On the basis of the results of the polyphasic characterization presented in this study, it is concluded that strain X16 T represents a novel species. Besides, strain X16 T can detoxify high toxicity selenite [Se(IV)] to low toxicity elemental selenium [Se(0)], for which the name Paraflavitale devenefica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is X16 T (=KACC 21698 T =GDMCC1.1757 T ).