Open AccessCarrier and dilution effects of CO 2 on thoron emissions from a zeolitized tuff exposed to subvolcanic temperatures
Author(s) -
Silvio Mollo,
Piergiorgio Moschini,
Gianfranco Galli,
Paola Tuccimei,
Carlo Lai,
Gianluca Iezzi,
Piergiorgio Scarlato
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
royal society open science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.84
H-Index - 51
ISSN - 2054-5703
DOI - 10.1098/rsos.201539
Subject(s) - radon , dilution , advection , volcano , flux (metallurgy) , geology , radionuclide , environmental chemistry , radiogenic nuclide , mineralogy , precipitation , chemistry , geochemistry , physics , thermodynamics , nuclear physics , organic chemistry , mantle (geology) , meteorology
Radon ( 222 Rn) and thoron ( 220 Rn) are two isotopes belonging to the noble gas radon ( sensu lato ) that is frequently employed for the geochemical surveillance of active volcanoes. Temperature gradients operating at subvolcanic conditions may induce chemical and structural modifications in rock-forming minerals and their related 222 Rn– 220 Rn emissions. Additionally, CO 2 fluxes may also contribute enormously to the transport of radionuclides through the microcracks and pores of subvolcanic rocks. In view of these articulated phenomena, we have experimentally quantified the changes of 220 Rn signal caused by dehydration of a zeolitized tuff exposed to variable CO 2 fluxes. Results indicate that, at low CO 2 fluxes, water molecules and hydroxyl groups adsorbed on the glassy surface of macro- and micropores are physically removed by an intermolecular proton transfer mechanism, leading to an increase of the 220 Rn signal. By contrast, at high CO 2 fluxes, 220 Rn emissions dramatically decrease because of the strong dilution capacity of CO 2 that overprints the advective effect of carrier fluids. We conclude that the sign and magnitude of radon ( sensu lato ) changes observed in volcanic settings depend on the flux rate of carrier fluids and the rival effects between advective transport and radionuclide dilution.