Open AccessDevelopment of the mammalian cortical hem and its derivatives: the choroid plexus, Cajal–Retzius cells and hippocampus
Author(s) -
Samantha A. Moore,
Angelo Iulianella
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
open biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.078
H-Index - 53
ISSN - 2046-2441
DOI - 10.1098/rsob.210042
Subject(s) - choroid plexus , biology , neurogenesis , cerebrum , neuroscience , forebrain , dentate gyrus , wnt signaling pathway , hippocampus , anatomy , ganglionic eminence , sonic hedgehog , embryonic stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , central nervous system , signal transduction , biochemistry , gene
The dorsal medial region of the developing mammalian telencephalon plays a central role in the patterning of the adjacent brain regions. This review describes the development of this specialized region of the vertebrate brain, called thecortical hem , and the formation of the various cells and structures it gives rise to, including the choroid plexus, Cajal–Retzius cells and the hippocampus. We highlight the ontogenic processes that create these different forebrain derivatives from their shared embryonic origin and discuss the key signalling pathways and molecules that influence the patterning of the cortical hem. These include BMP, Wnt, FGF and Shh signalling pathways acting with Homeobox factors to carve the medial telencephalon into district progenitor regions, which in turn give rise to the choroid plexus, dentate gyrus and hippocampus. We then link the formation of the lateral ventricle choroid plexus with embryonic and postnatal neurogenesis in the hippocampus.