Open AccessThe Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Response to Hemorrhage, Injury, and Sepsis: A Review of Pathophysiology
Author(s) -
Lauren S. Kelly,
Dijoia B Darden,
Brittany Fenner,
Philip A. Efron,
Alicia M. Mohr
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
shock
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.095
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1540-0514
pISSN - 1073-2322
DOI - 10.1097/shk.0000000000001699
Subject(s) - myelopoiesis , progenitor cell , haematopoiesis , sepsis , bone marrow , immunology , medicine , myeloid , stem cell , erythropoiesis , inflammation , biology , cancer research , microbiology and biotechnology , anemia
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) have both unique and common responses following hemorrhage, injury, and sepsis. HSPCs from different lineages have a distinctive response to these "stress" signals. Inflammation, via the production of inflammatory factors, including cytokines, hormones, and interferons, has been demonstrated to impact the differentiation and function of HSPCs. In response to injury, hemorrhagic shock, and sepsis, cellular phenotypic changes and altered function occur, demonstrating the rapid response and potential adaptability of bone marrow hematopoietic cells. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiology of emergency myelopoiesis and the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, impaired erythropoiesis, as well as the mobilization of HSPCs from the bone marrow. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic options to optimize HSPC function after severe trauma or infection.