Open AccessDefinitive Diagnostic Evaluation of the Child With Arterial Ischemic Stroke and Approaches to Secondary Stroke Prevention
Author(s) -
Sarah Lee,
Prakash Muthusami,
Bruce A. Wasserman,
Jeremy J Heit,
Ronil V. Chandra,
Ferdinand Hui,
Matías Negrotto,
Todd Abruzzo
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
topics in magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.547
H-Index - 53
eISSN - 1536-1004
pISSN - 0899-3459
DOI - 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000272
Subject(s) - stroke (engine) , etiology , medicine , neuroimaging , pediatric stroke , secondary prevention , ischemic stroke , intensive care medicine , arterial ischemic stroke , magnetic resonance imaging , pediatrics , radiology , pathology , ischemia , psychiatry , mechanical engineering , engineering
In children with arterial ischemic stroke (AIS), the definitive diagnosis of stroke subtype and confirmation of stroke etiology is necessary to mitigate stroke morbidity and prevent recurrent stroke. The common causes of AIS in children are sharply differentiated from the common causes of adult AIS. A comprehensive, structured diagnostic approach will identify the etiology of stroke in most children. Adequate diagnostic evaluation relies on advanced brain imaging and vascular imaging studies. A variety of medical and surgical secondary stroke prevention strategies directed at the underlying cause of stroke are available. This review aims to outline strategies for definitive diagnosis and secondary stroke prevention in children with AIS, emphasizing the critical role of neuroimaging.