Open AccessBrief Report: Increased Cotinine Concentrations are Associated With Reduced Expression of Cathelicidin (LL-37) and NOD-2 in Alveolar Macrophages of PLWH Who Smoke
Author(s) -
Philip T. Diaz,
Amy K. Ferketich,
Mary Ellen Wewers,
Kristine K. Browning,
Mikhail A. Gavrilin,
Anasuya Sarkar,
Jennifer L. Hollyfield,
Teresa Trinka,
Mark D. Wewers
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1944-7884
pISSN - 1525-4135
DOI - 10.1097/qai.0000000000002491
Subject(s) - cathelicidin , cotinine , bronchoalveolar lavage , immunology , nicotine , immune system , innate immune system , saliva , population , cd38 , medicine , alveolar macrophage , receptor , lung , macrophage , biology , environmental health , in vitro , biochemistry , stem cell , cd34 , genetics
There is a strong link between cigarette smoking and pulmonary complications among people living with HIV. However, the effects of smoking on the local lung immune environment in this population remain unclear. Bronchoalveolar lavage and saliva were collected from HIV-infected smokers involved in a prospective study investigating alveolar macrophage expression of host defense molecules. Salivary cotinine concentrations were inversely related to expression of the immune cell receptor nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 and the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37. The negative correlation between salivary cotinine and LL-37 was particularly strong. Our study provides insight into how nicotine may adversely affect lung innate immunity in HIV.