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Lip Incompetence and Psychosocial Effects: A Pilot Study
Author(s) -
de Oliveira Domingos Savio Ferreira,
Atherino Ciriaco Cristóvão Tavares,
Cervasio Marina Ribeiro,
de Melo Cruz Gerarda,
Cervasio Olivia Ribeiro,
Bruggeman Heleen,
Cornelis Liesbeth,
Haspeslagh Lieve,
Van Borsel John
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the laryngoscope
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1531-4995
pISSN - 0023-852X
DOI - 10.1097/mlg.0b013e31805c9a91
Subject(s) - mouth breathing , psychosocial , psychology , closure (psychology) , set (abstract data type) , breathing , psychiatry , computer science , market economy , economics , programming language
Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine whether children are more negatively perceived because of a lip incompetence. Study Design: A sample survey study. Methods: Two sets of colored pictures (1 set with the mouth open and 1 set with the mouth closed) were taken of four children with lip incompetence and mouth breathing and four children with normal lip closure and breathing patterns. These pictures were presented to a group of judges in Belgium and Brazil. Judges were presented either pictures of the closed mouth sets or pictures of the open mouth sets and were asked to rate on a 10‐point scale the chance that the child was shy, had few friends, belonged to a lower socioeconomic class, had problems with reading, writing, or arithmetic, had ever manifested thumb‐sucking, and had difficulties breathing through the nose. In each child, scores obtained for the open mouth set were compared with those obtained for the closed mouth set. Results: There was no consistent pattern of higher scores being assigned to the pictures of the open mouth set, neither in the Belgian survey nor in the Brazilian survey. Conclusion: Contrary with past and present claims, results suggest that children with a lip incompetence are not necessarily perceived negatively.