Transient infantile hypertriglyceridemia with jaundice

Rationale: Transient infantile hypertriglyceridemia (HTGTI) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease caused by inactivating mutations in the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 gene. To date, only a few patients have been reported worldwide. The symptoms of the affected individuals present a certain degree of transient hypertriglyceridemia, hepatomegaly, elevated liver enzymes, persistent fatty liver and hepatic fibrosis in early infancy. However, the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of this disease are remain unclear. Patient concerns: A one month and twenty-five days old girl was admitted to hospital because of persisted jaundice and hepatomegaly for fifty days. Diagnose: The girl was diagnosed with HTGTI coincident with a noval mutation in glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1. Intervention: She was advised to take low-fat diet and supplement of medium-chain fatty acids. Outcomes: Her jaundice was gradually normal at the age of 4 months without any treatment, and hypertriglyceridemia were normal at the age of 13 months, but still had elevated transaminases and hepatic steatosis. Lessons: Jaundice may be a novel phenotype in HTGTI. The report contributes to the expansion of HTGTI's gene mutation spectrum and its clinical manifestations.