Open AccessAssociation of Metformin Use With Cancer-Specific Mortality in Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Curative Resection
Author(s) -
Young Seok Seo,
Yun Jung Kim,
Mi Sook Kim,
Kyung Suk Suh,
Sang Bum Kim,
Chul Ju Han,
Youn Joo Kim,
Won Il Jang,
Sei-Kwon Kang,
Ha Jin Tchoe,
Chan Mi Park,
Ae Jung Jo,
Hyo Jeong Kim,
Jung Sik Choi,
Hyung Jin Choi,
Michael N. Polak,
Min Jung Ko
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.59
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1536-5964
pISSN - 0025-7974
DOI - 10.1097/md.0000000000003527
Subject(s) - medicine , metformin , hazard ratio , retrospective cohort study , hepatocellular carcinoma , proportional hazards model , cohort , population , cancer , cancer registry , cohort study , diabetes mellitus , confidence interval , oncology , surgery , gastroenterology , endocrinology , insulin , environmental health
Many preclinical reports and retrospective population studies have shown an anticancer effect of metformin in patients with several types of cancer and comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this work, the anticancer effect of metformin was assessed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with T2DM who underwent curative resection. A population-based retrospective cohort design was used. Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service and Korea Center Cancer Registry in the Republic of Korea, identifying 5494 patients with newly diagnosed HCC who underwent curative resection between 2005 and 2011. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models to estimate effects. In the sensitivity analysis, we excluded patients who started metformin or other oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) after HCC diagnosis to control for immortal time bias. From the patient cohort, 751 diabetic patients who were prescribed an OHA were analyzed for HCC-specific mortality and retreatment upon recurrence, comparing 533 patients treated with metformin to 218 patients treated without metformin. In the fully adjusted analyses, metformin users showed a significantly lower risk of HCC-specific mortality (HR 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30–0.49) and retreatment events (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.33–0.52) compared with metformin nonusers. Risks for HCC-specific mortality were consistently lower among metformin-using groups, excluding patients who started metformin or OHAs after diagnosis. In this large population-based cohort of patients with comorbid HCC and T2DM, treated with curative hepatic resection, metformin use was associated with improvement of HCC-specific mortality and reduced occurrence of retreatment events.