Open AccessEndemic Mycoses in Children
Author(s) -
Daniel K Yeoh,
Coen Butters,
Nigel Curtis
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the pediatric infectious disease journal/the pediatric infectious disease journal
Language(s) - Uncategorized
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 140
eISSN - 1532-0987
pISSN - 0891-3668
DOI - 10.1097/inf.0000000000002324
Subject(s) - blastomycosis , sporotrichosis , paracoccidioidomycosis , histoplasmosis , chromoblastomycosis , mycosis , fungal disease , medicine , cryptococcosis , endemic diseases , amphotericin b , dermatology , biology , pathology , immunology , antifungal , environmental health
The endemic mycoses are a group of infections caused by fungi with a distinct geographic distribution, defined by climatic and environmental conditions. The systemic endemic mycoses, namely histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, talaromycosis, coccidioidomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis, occur after the inhalation of fungal spores. The cutaneous endemic mycoses, including sporotrichosis, mycetoma, entomophthoramycosis and chromoblastomycosis, enter the host via traumatic inoculation of the skin. Clinical presentation varies between these relatively heterogeneous infections, as does the susceptibility of immunosuppressed patients to disease. An understanding of the geographic range, typical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment of the endemic mycoses is key in assessing patients presenting with atypical infections who may have traveled to endemic areas.