Open AccessPrognostic Stratification of Diffuse Large B‐cell Lymphoma Using Clinico‐genomic Models: Validation and Improvement of the LymForest‐25 Model
Author(s) -
Mosquera Orgueira Adrián,
Díaz Arías Jose Ángel,
Cid López Miguel,
Peleteiro Raíndo Andrés,
López García Alberto,
Abal García Rosanna,
González Pérez Marta Sonia,
Antelo Rodríguez Beatriz,
Aliste Santos Carlos,
Pérez Encinas Manuel Mateo,
Fraga Rodríguez Máximo Francisco,
Bello López José Luis
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
hemasphere
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 11
ISSN - 2572-9241
DOI - 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000706
Subject(s) - international prognostic index , diffuse large b cell lymphoma , chop , lymphoma , oncology , medicine , vincristine , cyclophosphamide , rituximab , prednisone , chemotherapy
Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. Despite notable therapeutic advances in the last decades, 30%–40% of affected patients develop relapsed or refractory disease that frequently precludes an infamous outcome. With the advent of new therapeutic options, it becomes necessary to predict responses to the standard treatment based on rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R‐CHOP). In a recent communication, we presented a new machine learning model (LymForest‐25) that was based on 25 clinical, biochemical, and gene expression variables. LymForest‐25 achieved high survival prediction accuracy in patients with DLBCL treated with upfront immunochemotherapy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of the different features that compose LymForest‐25 in a new UK‐based cohort, which contained 481 patients treated with upfront R‐CHOP for whom clinical, biochemical and gene expression information for 17 out of 19 transcripts were available. Additionally, we explored potential improvements based on the integration of other gene expression signatures and mutational clusters. The validity of the LymForest‐25 gene expression signature was confirmed, and indeed it achieved a substantially greater precision in the estimation of mortality at 6 months and 1, 2, and 5 years compared with the cell‐of‐origin (COO) plus molecular high‐grade (MHG) classification. Indeed, this signature was predictive of survival within the MHG and all COO subgroups, with a particularly high accuracy in the “unclassified” group. Integration of this signature with the International Prognostic Index (IPI) score provided the best survival predictions. However, the increased performance of molecular models with the IPI score was almost exclusively restricted to younger patients (<70 y). Finally, we observed a tendency towards an improved performance by combining LymForest‐25 with the LymphGen mutation‐based classification. In summary, we have validated the predictive capacity of LymForest‐25 and expanded the potential for improvement with mutation‐based prognostic classifications.