Open AccessNutritional Status at Diagnosis and Pre‐transplant Weight Loss Impact Outcomes of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Following Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Author(s) -
Brauer Dominic,
Backhaus Donata,
Pointner Rosmarie,
Vucinic Vladan,
Niederwieser Dietger,
Platzbecker Uwe,
Schwind Sebastian,
Jentzsch Madlen
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
hemasphere
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 11
ISSN - 2572-9241
DOI - 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000532
Subject(s) - medicine , hematopoietic stem cell transplantation , myeloid leukemia , body mass index , cumulative incidence , univariate analysis , transplantation , incidence (geometry) , disease , chemotherapy , weight loss , multivariate analysis , oncology , obesity , physics , optics
The nutritional status at diagnosis, as well as weight loss during chemotherapy, are important factors for morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. They might also influence outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We evaluated the body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis, prior to HSCT, and the BMI difference (ΔBMI = BMI HSCT –BMI diagnosis ) in 662 AML patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT. Patients being obese at AML diagnosis had significantly higher nonrelapse mortality (NRM) and shorter overall survival (OS) after HSCT, but no distinct cumulative incidence of relapse than nonobese patients. Weight loss during chemotherapy (ΔBMI > –2) was a strong predictor for higher NRM and shorter OS in univariate and multivariate analyses. These results were observed across all European LeukemiaNet (ELN) 2017 risk groups but especially in patients with favorable or intermediate ELN2017 risk and patients transplanted in morphologic complete remission. Only in patients being obese at AML diagnosis, weight loss did not result in adverse outcomes. ΔBMI > –2 represents a strong, independent, and modifiable risk factor for AML patients treated with HSCT. Nutritional monitoring and supplementation during disease course might improve patients’ outcomes.