Open AccessRecent Advances and New Challenges in Cisgender Women’s Gynecologic and Obstetric Health in the Context of HIV
Author(s) -
Jennifer Deese,
Renee Heffron,
Heather B. Jaspan,
Lindi Masson,
Jennifer Smit,
Sengeziwe Sibeko
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
clinical obstetrics and gynecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.927
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1532-5520
pISSN - 0009-9201
DOI - 10.1097/grf.0000000000000627
Subject(s) - medicine , context (archaeology) , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , reproductive health , pregnancy , developing country , gynecology , environmental health , population , immunology , economic growth , paleontology , genetics , economics , biology
Although rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have declined globally over the past 10 years, United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS estimates 1.7 million new infections occurred in 2019, with cisgender women (cis women) and girls accounting for 48%. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related illnesses are the leading global cause of mortality in cis women aged 15 to 49, and in many sub-Saharan Africa countries, young women face substantially higher HIV risk than their male counterparts. Drivers of this increased risk include sexual and reproductive health characteristics unique to cis women. This review discusses the role of sexually transmitted infections, contraception and pregnancy in HIV risk, and biomedical HIV prevention technologies available and in development.