Open AccessImmunomodulatory Effects of Combination of Pooled Human Gammaglobulin and Rapamycin on Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in the Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction
Author(s) -
Mieko Toyoda,
Anna Petrosyan,
Andy Pao,
Stanley C. Jordan
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
transplantation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.45
H-Index - 204
eISSN - 1534-6080
pISSN - 0041-1337
DOI - 10.1097/01.tp.0000134974.16614.ea
Subject(s) - apoptosis , flow cytometry , cd19 , cell growth , annexin , immunology , pharmacology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , medicine , biochemistry
Multidrug immunosuppressive regimens benefit transplant recipients, reducing side effects and creating synergy between medications with different mechanisms of action. We have shown that pooled human gammaglobulin (intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG]) inhibits the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and induces apoptosis primarily in B cells. Rapamycin (RAPA), a potent macrolide immunosuppressant, inhibits B- and T-cell proliferation through G1 cell-cycle blockade and purportedly induces apoptosis. Here we examined the possible synergistic effects of IVIG and RAPA on cell proliferation and apoptosis induction in the MLR.