Open AccessPB1713 NEW METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE GENOTOXICITY OF CHEMOTHERAPY DRUGS IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA
Author(s) -
Zhogolev D.,
Polyakov A.,
Kolubaeva S.,
Alexander Z.,
Noskov Y.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
hemasphere
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 11
ISSN - 2572-9241
DOI - 10.1097/01.hs9.0000565364.51320.75
Subject(s) - genotoxicity , myeloid leukemia , micronucleus test , medicine , decitabine , chemotherapy , pharmacology , daunorubicin , chemistry , immunology , toxicity , biochemistry , gene expression , dna methylation , gene
Background: This abstract presents the experience of cultivating the peripheral blast cells of a patient with resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and testing 2 methods for assessing the effects of chemotherapy drugs on them. Aims: Suitability examination of cell sorting (CS) and micronucleus test (MT) for assessing the genotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs. Methods: Blast cells were obtained by taking blood from a patient with multi‐resistant AML. On sampling days, the percentage of blasts in the patient's peripheral blood ranged from 50% to 75%. In total, 3 in vitro experiments were conducted. In experiment №1, 520650 CD34+ cells were sorted into 2 tubes, which were incubated for 4 days (37 °C, 5% CO 2 ) in 5 ml of complete nutrient medium (CM): 80% RPMI‐1640, 10% fetal calf serum, 10% of the patient's original serum, 10 μl of phytohaemagglutinin and 100 U/ml penicillin. After the first day, decitabine was added to one of the samples at a concentration of 1160 ng/ml. To assess the genotoxicity of the drug at the end of cultivation, we determined the number of cells that retained viability by evaluating the results of labeling free DNA. In experiments №2 and №3, 0.5 ml of blood was cultured with 5 ml of CM. After 24 hours, various concentrations of decitabine (290 ng/ml, 580 ng/ml, 1160 ng/ml) were added to the samples of experiment №2. Daunorubicin (3400 ng/ml) was added to the samples of experiment №3, as well as its combination with interferon alpha‐2a in the calculation of 3600 IU/ml. Next, samples were cultured for 48 hours. To assess the genotoxicity in these experiments MT was used. Results: The results of experiment №1 are presented in Figure 1, №2 in table 1, №3 in table 2. Summary/Conclusion: 1. CS allows selection of the required number of cells with the required phenotype and assess their viability after cultivation with high accuracy. In the sample with the addition of decitabine, living blast cells turned out to be almost 2 times less than in the control sample.2. MT can be used to assess the genotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs for peripheral blood blast cells. From the results of experiment №2, it follows that the concentration of the drug has a direct correlation with the level of its genotoxicity on blast cells. In experiment №3, the combination of daunorubicin with interferon showed much stronger genotoxic effects on blast cells compared to daunorubicin without interferon.