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Water‐Jet Dissection in Parotid Surgery: An Experimental Study in Dogs
Author(s) -
Magritz Ralph,
Jurk Viktor,
Reusche Erich,
Siegert Ralf
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
the laryngoscope
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1531-4995
pISSN - 0023-852X
DOI - 10.1097/00005537-200109000-00016
Subject(s) - facial nerve , dissection (medical) , beagle , medicine , parotid gland , surgery , anatomy , dentistry
Objective The objective of the present study was to investigate the application of the water‐jet dissection method in parotid surgery by way of animal experiments, paying particular attention to the clinical and histological reactions of the facial nerve. Study Design An animal experimental study. Methods Total bilateral parotidectomies with retention of the facial nerve were performed on 19 beagle dogs by means of the Hydro‐Jet device (Andreas Pein Medizintechnik Company, Schwerin, Germany) using different jet diameters and operating pressures. All operations were performed with continuous intraoperative facial monitoring (Neurosign 100, Inomed Company, Teningen, Germany). The dogs were monitored postoperatively over an average period of 20.3 days (range, 14–35 d). Local findings and facial nerve status were documented daily. In a second phase, the dissected nerves were resected and the animals were killed. Samples of water‐jet–dissected parotid tissue, as well as all dissected nerve branches, underwent histological examination and were compared with clinical and electrophysiological findings. Results It was possible to perform operations easily on all parotid glands by means of the Hydro‐Jet using the small, 120‐μm jet at operating pressures of 40 to 60 bar and to dissect the facial nerve quickly and safely with retention of its functional capability (n = 34). The dissection of nerves using larger‐diameter jets (150 and 200 μm [n = 64]) resulted in a total of two reversible and seven irreversible partial pareses. Conclusions The study has shown that it is possible to perform tissue‐selective operations on the parotid gland by means of the Hydro‐Jet using the 120‐μm jet at operating pressures of 40 to 60 bar, ensuring safe, atraumatic dissection of the facial nerve with retention of its functional capability. The advantages of the new Hydro‐Jet method offer a valuable alternative compared with the normal dissection methods adopted in parotid surgery. Thus the results of the present investigation currently are being checked within the framework of a clinical study at our clinic.