Premium
Cell penetration by transportan
Author(s) -
Pooga Margus,
Hällbrink Mattias,
Zorko Matjal,
Langel Ülo
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fsb2fasebj.12.1.67
Subject(s) - mastoparan , peptide , internalization , endocytosis , trypsin , biochemistry , chemistry , cell penetrating peptide , amino acid , peptide sequence , biophysics , cell , biology , receptor , g protein , gene , enzyme
Transportan is a 27 amino acid‐long peptide containing 12 functional amino acids from the amino terminus of the neuropeptide galanin and mastoparan in the carboxyl terminus, connected via a lysine. Transportan is a cell‐penetrating peptide as judged by indirect immunofluorescence using N ε13 ‐biotinyl‐transportan. The internalization of biotinyl‐transportan is energy independent and takes place efficiently at 37°,4°, and 0°C. Cellular uptake of transportan is probably not mediated by endocytosis, since it cannot be blocked by treating the cells with phenylarsine oxide or hyperosmolar sucrose solution and is nonsaturable. The kinetics of internalization was studied with the aid of the 125 I‐labeled peptide. At 37°C, the maximal intracellular concentration is reached in about 20 min. The internalized transportan is protected from trypsin. The cell‐penetrating ability of transportan is not restricted by cell type, but seems to be a general feature of this peptide. In Bowes' melanoma cells, transportan first localizes in the outer membrane and cytoplasmatic membrane structures. This is followed by a redistribution into the nuclear membrane and uptake into the nuclei where transportan concentrates in distinct substructures, probably the nucleoli.—Pooga, M., Hällbrink, M., Zorko, M., Langel, Ü. Cell penetration of transportan FASEB J. 12, 67–77 (1998)