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Integrated application of metabolomics and RNA‐seq reveals thermogenic regulation in goat brown adipose tissues
Author(s) -
Wang Yan,
Chen Xingyue,
Fan Wenli,
Zhang Xujia,
Zhan Siyuan,
Zhong Tao,
Guo Jiazhong,
Cao Jiaxue,
Li Li,
Zhang Hongping,
Wang Linjie
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fj.202100493rr
Subject(s) - thermogenesis , brown adipose tissue , white adipose tissue , carnitine , biology , fatty acid , beta oxidation , fatty acid metabolism , biochemistry , docosahexaenoic acid , arachidonic acid , adipose tissue , medicine , endocrinology , chemistry , polyunsaturated fatty acid , enzyme
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role on no shivering thermogenesis during cold exposure to maintain animal body temperature and energy homeostasis. However, knowledge of the cellular transition from white adipose tissue (WAT) to BAT is still limited. In this study, we provided a comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptional signatures of goat BAT and WAT. A total of 157 metabolites were significantly changed, including 81 upregulated and 76 downregulated metabolites. In addition, we identified the citric acid cycle, fatty acid elongation, and degradation pathways as coordinately activated in BAT. Interestingly, five unsaturated fatty acids (Eicosadienoic Acid, C20:2; γ‐Linolenic acid, C20:3; Arachidonic Acid, C20:4; Adrenic acid, C22:4; Docosahexaenoic acid, C22:6), Succinate, L‐carnitine, and L‐palmitoyl‐carnitine were found to be abundant in BAT. Furthermore, L‐carnitine, an intermediate of fatty acid degradation, is required for goat brown adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis through activating AMPK pathway. However, L‐carnitine decreased lipid accumulation through inducing lipolysis and thermogenesis in white adipocytes. These results revealed that there are the significant alterations in transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles between goat WAT and BAT, which may contribute to better understanding the roles of metabolites in BAT thermogenesis process.