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WISP‐2, an upregulated gene in hip cartilage from the DDH model rats, induces chondrocyte apoptosis through PPARγ in vitro
Author(s) -
Ji Xianglu,
Liu Tianjing,
Zhao Shuyi,
Li Jianjun,
Li Lianyong,
Wang Enbo
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fj.201901915r
Subject(s) - chondrocyte , apoptosis , gene knockdown , downregulation and upregulation , microbiology and biotechnology , viability assay , cartilage , chemistry , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor , receptor , cancer research , biology , anatomy , biochemistry , gene
Chondrocyte apoptosis plays an important role in the developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) development. It has been found that WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2 (WISP‐2) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) are involved in cell apoptosis. In this study, we performed the straight‐leg swaddling DDH rat model and we found that cartilage degradation and chondrocyte apoptosis were remarkably increased in DDH rats in vivo . Moreover, we found that WISP‐2 was upregulated in hip acetabular cartilage of DDH rats compared to control rats. Next, the effects of WISP‐2 on chondrocyte apoptosis and its possible underlying mechanism were examined in vitro. The lentivirus‐mediated gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments of WISP‐2 and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) for cell viability and apoptosis were performed in primary rat chondrocytes. The results showed that the overexpression of WISP‐2 induced chondrocyte apoptosis, and knockdown of WISP‐2 could suppress the chondrocyte apoptosis induced by advanced glycation end products (AGE). Additionally, WISP‐2 could negatively regulate the expression of PPARγ in chondrocytes. Moreover, the knockdown of PPARγ promoted chondrocyte apoptosis and overexpression of PPARγ abated the increased apoptosis and decreased cell viability of chondrocytes induced by WISP‐2. This study demonstrated that WISP‐2 might contribute to chondrocyte apoptosis of hip acetabular cartilage through regulating PPARγ expression and activation, which may play an important role in the development of DDH.