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Ingestion of resistant starch by mice markedly increases microbiome‐derived metabolites
Author(s) -
Koay Yen Chin,
Wali Jibran A.,
Luk Alison W. S.,
Macia Laurence,
Cogger Victoria C.,
Pulpitel Tamara J.,
Wahl Devin,
Solon-Biet Samantha M.,
Holmes Andrew,
Simpson Stephen J.,
O'Sullivan F. John
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fj.201900177r
Subject(s) - microbiome , metabolite , metabolome , carbohydrate , metabolomics , lachnospiraceae , resistant starch , starch , chemistry , biochemistry , tryptophan , biology , food science , firmicutes , amino acid , bioinformatics , 16s ribosomal rna , chromatography , gene
Recent research has shown significant health benefits deriving from high‐dietary fiber or microbiome‐accessible carbohydrate consumption. Compared with native starch (NS), dietary resistant starch (RS) is a high microbiome‐accessible carbohydrate that significantly alters the gut microbiome. The aim of this study was to determine the systemic metabolic effects of high microbiome‐accessible carbohydrate. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 2 groups and fed either NS or RS for 18 wk ( n = 20/group). Metabolomic analyses revealed that plasma levels of numerous metabolites were significantly different between the RS‐fed and NS‐fed mice, many of which are microbiome‐derived. Most strikingly, we observed a 22‐fold increase in gut microbiome‐derived tryptophan metabolite indole‐3‐propionate (IPA), which was positively correlated with several gut microbiota, including Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium , and Lachnospiraceae , with Allobaculum having the most consistently increased abundance of all the IPA‐associated taxa across all RS‐fed mice. In addition, major changes were observed for metabolites solely or primarily metabolized in the gut ( e.g ., trimethylamine‐ N ‐oxide), metabolites that have a significant entero‐hepatic circulation ( i.e ., bile acids), lipid metabolites ( e.g ., cholesterol sulfate), metabolites indicating increased energy turnover ( e.g ., tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and ketone bodies), and increased antioxidants such as reduced glutathione. Our findings reveal potentially novel mediators of high microbiome‐accessible carbohydrate‐derived health benefits.—Koay,Y. C., Wali. J. A., Luk, A. W. S., Macia, L., Cogger, V. C., Pulpitel, T. J., Wahl, D., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Holmes, A., Simpson, S. J., O'Sullivan, J. F. Ingestion of resistant starch by mice markedly increases microbiome‐derived metabolites. FASEB J. 33, 8033–8042 (2019). www.fasebj.org