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Porous implants as drug delivery vehicles to augment host tissue integration
Author(s) -
Clark Paul A.,
Moioli Eduardo K.,
Sumner D. Rick,
Mao Jeremy J.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fj.07-094789
Subject(s) - implant , biomedical engineering , drug delivery , osseointegration , in vivo , chemistry , mesenchymal stem cell , materials science , medicine , nanotechnology , surgery , pathology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
The common premise of synthetic implants in the restoration of diseased tissues and organs is to use inert and solid materials. Here, a porous titanium implant was fabricated for the delivery of microencapsulated bioactive cues. Control‐released transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) promoted the proliferation and migration of human mesenchymal stem cells into porous implants in vitro. At 4 wk of implantation in the rabbit humerus, control‐released TGF‐βl from porous implants significantly increased bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) by 96% and bone ingrowth by 50% over placebos. Control‐released 100 ng TGF‐β1 induced equivalent BIC and bone ingrowth to adsorbed 1 μg TGF‐β1, suggesting that controlled release is effective at 10‐fold less drug dose than adsorption. Histomorphometry, scanning electron microscopy, and microcomputed tomography showed that control‐released TGF‐β1 enhanced bone ingrowth in the implant's pores and surface. These findings suggest that solid prostheses can be transformed into porous implants to serve as drug delivery carriers, from which control‐released bioactive cues augment host tissue integration.— Clark, P. A., Moioli, E. K., Sumner, D. R., Mao, J. J. Porous implants as drug delivery vehicles to augment host tissue integration. FASEB J. 22, 1684–1693 (2008)