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Anatomical distribution and function of dopamine receptors in the kidney
Author(s) -
Lokhandwala Mustafa F.,
Amenta Francesco
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.5.15.1683844
Subject(s) - endocrinology , medicine , natriuresis , receptor , chemistry , renal sodium reabsorption , kidney , dopamine receptor , diuresis , reabsorption , dopamine , dopaminergic , biology
Dopamine receptors of DA‐1 and DA‐2 subtypes are localized in various regions within the kidney including the renal vasculature (DA‐1) as well as sympathetic nerve terminals innervating the renal blood vessels (DA‐2). More recent studies using receptor‐ligand binding and receptor autoradiography have shown that DA‐1 receptors are localized at both the luminal and basolateral membranes at the level of the proximal tubules. Activation of these DA‐1 receptors by dopamine and by selective DA‐1 receptor agonists results in natriuresis and diuresis. The cellular signaling mechanisms responsible for this response appear to be DA‐1 receptor‐induced activation of adenylate cyclase and phospholipase C, which via the generation of various intracellular messenger systems cause inhibition of Na + ‐H + antiport (luminal) and Na + , K + ‐ATPase (basolateral), respectively. Both of these events consequently inhibit sodium reabsorption leading to natriuresis and diuresis. It is also known that dopamine can be synthesized within proximal tubular cells from L‐dopa, which is taken up from the tubular lumen, and this locally produced dopamine plays an important role in the regulation of sodium excretion particularly during increases in sodium intake. Furthermore, a defect in the renal dopaminergic mechanism may be one of the pathogenic factors in certain forms of hypertension. Finally, whereas DA‐1 receptor agonists are shown to be of therapeutic benefit in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and acute renal failure, some selective DA‐2 receptor agonists are effective antihypertensive agents.—Lokhandwala, M. F.; Amenta, F. Anatomical distribution and function of dopamine receptors in the kidney. FASEB J. 5: 3023‐3030; 1991.