Premium
Skeletal muscle fiber, nerve, and blood vessel breakdown in space‐flown rats
Author(s) -
Riley D. A.,
IlyinaKakueva E. I.,
Ellis S.,
Bain J. L. W.,
Slocum G. R.,
Sedlak F. R.
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.4.1.2153085
Subject(s) - myofibril , denervation , anatomy , spaceflight , skeletal muscle , extensor digitorum longus muscle , atrophy , chemistry , microcirculation , sarcolemma , myofilament , necrosis , hindlimb , myocyte , biology , medicine , endocrinology , aerospace engineering , engineering
Histochemical and ultrastructural analyses were performed postflight on hind limb skeletal muscles of rats orbited for 12.5 days aboard the unmanned Cosmos 1887 biosatellite and returned to Earth 2 days before sacrifice. The antigravity adductor longus (AL), soleus, and plantaris muscles atrophied more than the non‐weight‐bearing extensor digitorum longus, and slow muscle fibers were more atrophic than fast fibers. Muscle fiber segmental necrosis occurred selectively in the AL and soleus muscles; primarily, macrophages and neutrophils infiltrated and phagocytosed cellular debris. Granule‐rich mast cells were diminished in flight AL muscles compared with controls, indicating that mast cell secretion contributed to interstitial tissue edema. Increased ubiquitination of disrupted myofibrils implicated ubiquitin in myofilament degradation. Mitochondrial content and succinic dehydrogenase activity were normal, except for subsarcolemmal decreases. Myofibrillar ATPase activity of flight AL muscle fibers shifted toward the fast type. Absence of capillaries and extravasation of red blood cells indicated failed microcirculation. Muscle fiber regeneration from activated satellite cells was detected. About 17% of the flight AL end plates exhibited total or partial denervation. Thus, skeletal muscle weakness associated with spaceflight can result from muscle fiber atrophy and segmental necrosis, partial motor denervation, and disruption of the microcirculation.— R iley , D. A.; I lyina ‐K akueva , E. I.; E llis , S.; B ain , J. L. W.; S locum , G. R.; and S edlak , F. R. Skeletal muscle fiber, nerve, and blood vessel breakdown in space‐flown rats. FASEB J 4: 84‐91; 1990.