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In ‐ vitro Anti‐Proliferative Analysis of Metformin Hydrochloride on Androgen‐Sensitive (LNCaP) and Androgen‐Insensitive (PC‐3) Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Author(s) -
Adedeji Dolapo,
Hinton Brittney,
Payne Gloria
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.lb525
Subject(s) - lncap , prostate cancer , metformin , androgen , cancer , medicine , endocrinology , prostate , diabetes mellitus , hormone
Background Prostate cancer is one of the diseases worldwide that causes cancer‐related deaths in men. Metformin is an antidiabetic drug that has been in use for over two decades for the treatment of Type II Diabetes mellitus (DM2). Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti‐proliferative property of Metformin Hydrochloride on LNCAP and PC‐3 human prostate cancer cell lines. Method In vitro anti‐proliferative assay was used to assess the anti‐carcinogenic activity of metformin hydrochloride on androgen‐sensitive, LNCaP and androgen‐insensitive, PC‐3, human prostate cancer cell lines using MTT (3‐[4, 5‐dimethylyhiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Effect of metformin hydrochloride was observed on each cancer cell lines after 72‐ and 120 – hour exposure at μM (0 μM, 3 μM, 5 μM and 8 μM) and mM (0.1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 8 mM) concentrations. Results The average cell death ranging between 20% and 60% was observed when androgen‐dependent, LNCaP, and androgen‐independent, PC‐3, human prostate cancer cell lines were treated with metformin hydrochloride at different concentrations of 3 μM, 5 μM, 8 μM, 0.1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM, and 8 mM. In PC‐3 cell line, the average cell death percentage was between 21% and 33% at μM concentrations at 72‐ and 120‐hour exposure respectively. The average cell death percentage increases to 53% and 57% after 72‐ and 120 hour exposure respectively at mM concentrations. In LNCaP cell line, the average cell death percentage did not change (25%) at μM concentrations at both 72‐ and 120‐hr exposure. The same trend was observed at mM concentrations. The average cell death percentage did not change at 72‐hour exposure (~47%) and about 49% was observed after 120‐hour exposure of the cell line to metformin hydrochloride. Conclusion The result of this study showed that metformin hydrochloride displayed cytotoxicity to some extent regardless of whether the prostate cancer cell line is androgen‐sensitive or androgen‐insensitive after 72 and 120 ‐ hour exposure. A stronger effect was observed on the androgen‐insensitive (PC‐3) than on the androgen‐sensitive (LNCaP) prostate cancer cell lines. Therefore, for elderly males diagnosed with diabetes and prostate cancer, metformin may aid in suppressing the cancer growth by serving as a defense mechanism for DM2; thereby reducing the cancer mortality rates in obese men. Support or Funding Information Master's Degree Programs at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (MD‐HBCU). Grant Award Number: P382G090002