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Dietary Melamine Accumulates in the Longissimus Dorsi Muscle and Internal Organs of Pigs
Author(s) -
Park Kyu Ree,
Kim Beob Gyun
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.lb402
Subject(s) - melamine , zoology , chemistry , animal feed , body weight , meal , food science , biology , endocrinology , organic chemistry
Melamine (1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triamine) is a well‐known toxin to humans and animals. Clinical signs or symptoms of dietary melamine poisoning include anorexia, uremia, renal failure and even death. The accumulation of dietary melamine in meat‐producing animals may cause serious health threats to humans and pet animals if they consume animal products containing accumulated melamine. However, quantitative information on the residual melamine in pork and edible pig organs from dietary melamine is lacking. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to determine the effects of graded dietary melamine on melamine concentrations in the longissimus dorsi muscle and organs of pigs. Twelve castrated male pigs with a mean body weight of 19.8 ± 2.2 kg were allocated to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets based on corn and soybean meal were prepared to contain 0, 1, 2, or 4% melamine. The animals were individually housed and had free access to feed and water. At the end of the 21‐day feeding period, all pigs were euthanized for collecting longissimus dorsi muscle, heart, kidneys, liver, and lungs. The collected longissimus dorsi muscle and internal organs were lyophilized and ground for the analysis of melamine. The melamine concentrations in fresh tissues were calculated based on the dry matter concentrations and the muscle and organ melamine concentrations relative to average daily feed intake (ADFI) were also calculated. With increasing dietary melamine concentrations, ADFI, average daily gain, and gain:feed of animals linearly decreased ( P < 0.05). With increasing dietary melamine concentrations, the melamine concentrations in the dried (2.8, 120.6, 200.4, and 157.9 ppm) and fresh (0.7, 29.3, 49.6, and 38.1 ppm) longissimus dorsi muscle tissues quadratically increased ( P < 0.05), the melamine concentrations in the fresh kidneys tended to increase (0.5, 128.1, 167.0, and 77.8; quadratic, P = 0.07), and the melamine concentrations in the dried (1.1, 136.1, 159.8, and 385.2 ppm) and fresh (0.2, 25.6, 31.2, and 70.1) lung tissue linearly increased ( P < 0.05). The melamine concentrations in the dried and fresh longissimus dorsi muscle, liver, heart, and lung tissues relative to ADFI linearly increased ( P < 0.05). The amount of melamine accumulated in the lungs linearly increased ( P < 0.05) with increasing dietary melamine concentration. Taken together, melamine in swine feed dose‐dependently accumulates in pork loin and edible tissues. Support or Funding Information This work was supported by the Rural Development Administration (Republic of Korea; PJ010932) and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. 2016R1A2B2015665).