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Elevation of Cecal IgA Concentration by Fructooligosaccharide Ingestion Is Associated with Immunological and Inflammatory Responses in Rats
Author(s) -
Genda Tomomi,
Kondo Takashi,
Hino Shingo,
Morita Tatsuya
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.968.1
Subject(s) - intestinal permeability , immunoglobulin a , myeloperoxidase , endocrinology , mesenteric lymph nodes , medicine , inflammation , fructooligosaccharide , chemistry , excretion , biology , immunology , antibody , immune system , immunoglobulin g , biochemistry
Objectives Previous studies have suggested that fructooligosaccharides (FOS) induce a transient increase of luminal IgA secretion related to the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria. Some clinical and animal studies, however, indicated a possible relevance of a mild inflammation with the FOS effect on luminal IgA. The present study aimed to scrutinize this inflammation hypothesis. Materials & Methods Rats were fed a purified diet (control), control + 5% cellulose (CEL), or a commercial crude diet with or without 6% FOS supplementation for 7 days. Besides immunological and microbial fermentation parameters, determinations of gut permeability as assessed by urinary Cr‐EDTA excretion, bacterial translocation into the mesenteric lymph nodes (BT‐MLN), and myeloperoxidase activity in the cecal tissue (MPO) were paralleled. Results and Findings At day 7, FOS supplementation to the control diet resulted in a 15‐fold increase in the cecal IgA concentrations accompanied by significant increases in IgA plasma cells (x 1.5) and gene expressions of IFN‐r (x 3) and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor ( pIgR , × 2) in the cecal mucosa. Simultaneously, FOS significantly increased gut permeability (x 3), BT‐MLN, and MPO (x 3). FOS supplementation to the CEL diet also showed significant increases in the IgA concentrations and the other parameters, but all of these were considerably weakened. FOS supplementation to the crude diet did not show any immunological and inflammatory changes. Even at day 3, FOS supplementation to the control diet increased the cecal IgA concentrations (x8) with significant increases in pIgR expressions but not IgA plasma cells. Collectively, FOS‐induced Th‐1 response followed by the up‐regulation of pIgR is supposed to be responsible for the elevated IgA concentrations. Conclusion The FOS‐induced early elevation of cecal IgA is associated with a subtle (physiological) inflammation, probably due to the cecal fermentation imbalance characterized by an accumulation of lactate and extremely lower pH.