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Association Between Gut Microbiota Composition, Diet, and Anthropometric risk Factor's for Metabolic Disorders in Mexican Women with Food Insecurity
Author(s) -
OchoaAcosta Dora A,
LopezFlores ME,
OsunaRamirez Ignacio,
GomezGil B,
VergaraJimenez Marcela J
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.965.43
Subject(s) - gut flora , firmicutes , obesity , anthropometry , waist , biology , physiology , medicine , immunology , 16s ribosomal rna , genetics , bacteria
Food insecurity is a problem that affects a large number of female‐headed households. Balanced diet is a key factor for food health and inadequate intake of calories and macronutrients significantly contributes to malnutrition, nutritional deficiencies, obesity and related chronic diseases. The gut microbiota composition has been associated with several hallmarks of metabolic disorders (e.g., obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis). Growing evidence suggests that gut microbes contribute to the onset of the low‐grade inflammation characterizing these metabolic disorders via mechanisms associated with gut barrier dysfunction. The principal aim of this study was evaluate and compare the gut microbiota composition in obese and lean women with food insecurity. Secondly the associations between analyzed gut bacterial species, diet and anthropometric risk factors for metabolic diseases. In this study 28 obese (mean BMI 34.57 kg/m 2 ) and 27 lean (mean BMI 22.7–57 kg/m 2 ) women aged 18 to 65 were included. All subjects were healthy and had not received any antibiotic or probiotic in the previous 3 months. We used 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence‐based microbiota analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the gut microbiota composition. Diet wat evaluated with 24 hours recall and anthropometric risk factor of metabolic disease with waist hip ratio and waist circumference. Initially, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing of the fecal samples form the obese and lean groups. The Shannon diversity index was similar between groups (0.620 vs 0.623), the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was 4.28 and 2.91 in obese and lean women respectively and the Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio 17.35 vs 15.81. These results indicate that there is no difference between the structure and composition of the gut microbiota between the lean and obese group of women. Based on the RDP database, all sequences were classified from the phylum to species. At the phylum level, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were dominante in both groups. The phyla Synergistetes was significantly more abundant in the lean group than the obese group (0.0862 + 0.0139 % vs 0.027 + 0.048). In particular, the phylum Spirochaetes y Planctomycetes was detected only in lean women. Principal component analysis (PCA) at the phylum, class, order, family, genus, species levels not showed different distribution in obese and lean women. When we analyzed the association between anthropometric and dietary risk factors, we don't find statistically significant differences. Support or Funding Information ICT SA. de CV.