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Serum Stable Isotope Biomarkers are Moderately Associated with Added Sugar, Fish and Meat Intake in 153 Postmenopausal Women
Author(s) -
Yun Hee Young,
Lampe Johanna W,
Neuhouser Marian L,
Tinker Lesley F,
Prentice Ross L,
O'Brien Diane M
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.955.6
Subject(s) - food science , sugar , context (archaeology) , stable isotope ratio , population , chemistry , zoology , isotope , biology , medicine , paleontology , physics , environmental health , quantum mechanics
Stable isotope ratios are emerging dietary biomarkers that have not been extensively evaluated in the context of a typical US dietary pattern. Stable isotope ratios vary in the US diet; for example, the carbon isotope ratio (CIR) is elevated both in added sugars and meats, the nitrogen isotope ratio (NIR) is elevated in meats and fish, and the sulfur isotope ratio (SIR) is elevated in fish. In this study we tested whether serum CIR, NIR or SIR could predict intakes of added sugar, meats or fish intake, either alone or in combination. We also evaluated whether the CIR of serum amino acids showed more specific dietary associations. The study population was 153 postmenopausal women in Seattle WA who were participants in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Feeding Study (NPAAS‐FS). For a two week period each participant consumed a controlled diet that was designed to match her usual intake, and blood samples were collected before and after the period of dietary control. Post‐feeding serum stable isotope ratios were measured using continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry and compared to participants' known dietary intake over the two week period using Pearson's correlation. Specifically, we examined intakes of animal protein, meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy, added sugar, and corn‐based foods. Animal protein intake (g/d) was associated with both the CIR (0.34) and the NIR (0.39). Among sources of animal protein, meat intake (g/d) was associated with the CIR (r = 0.32), and fish intake (g/d) was associated with the NIR (r = 0.57) and only weakly with the SIR (r = 0.18). None of these associations improved when biomarkers were used in combination. Added sugar intake (g/d) was associated with the CIR of serum alanine (r = 0.31), and meat intake (g/d) was associated with the CIR of serum essential amino acids (valine, leucine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine, r = 0.28 – 0.35). The findings that (1) added sugar intake was associated with serum alanine CIR but not total serum CIR and (2) fish intake was associated with serum NIR are consistent with previous results from an Alaska Native population. In addition, we found that meat intake was associated with total serum CIR as well as serum essential amino acid CIR. These data contribute to ongoing efforts to evaluate these emerging biomarkers of long‐term dietary intake in US populations. Support or Funding Information This project was supported by the National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute: 5R21CA182674, 5R01CA119171.