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Evaluation of dietary intake and red blood cell membrane fatty acid profile on the incidence of metabolic syndrome in Hispanic children from 2 to 10 years of age
Author(s) -
Dysart Anna,
Clark William Andrew,
Marrs JoAnn Summitt,
Peterson Jonathan M.,
Johnson Michelle Eileen,
Alamian Arsham
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.797.23
Subject(s) - medicine , metabolic syndrome , insulin resistance , abdominal obesity , endocrinology , obesity , anthropometry , very low density lipoprotein , lipid profile , cholesterol , gastroenterology , lipoprotein
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a grouping of criteria including hypertension, glucose intolerance, truncal obesity/high BMI, insulin resistance, increased VLDL, high triglycerides (TAG), and low HDL. MetS is a problem in Hispanic children due to increasing obesity rates and a predisposition for insulin resistance. Methods Hispanic children aged 2 to 10 years of age were evaluated during a well child visit and data including demographic information, food frequency questionnaire, anthropometric measures, and blood samples were collected. Children were considered “at risk” for this study if they exhibited 3 or more risk factors for developing MetS. Risk factors included abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated triglycerides, low HDL and/or elevated plasma glucose concentrations. A total of 112 children were included in this analysis with 33 (~29%) in the “at risk” category. Statistical analysis was via SPSS 22 multivariate General Linear Model evaluating differences between “normal” and “at risk” children. Results “At risk” children had higher serum levels for total cholesterol (159.4 vs 146.5 mg/dL, p=0.010), VLDL (32.4 vs 20.5 mg/dL, p=0.0001), LDL (82.9 vs 74.9 mg/dL, p=0.074), Cholesterol/HDL ratio (3.73 vs 2.98, p=0.0001), Triglycerides (161.4 vs 103.0 mg/dL, p=0.0001), and had lower levels for HDL (44.2 vs 51.0 mg/dL, p=0.002). Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) was higher for “at risk” children (0.416 vs 0.349, p=0.017) but results may have been influenced by plasma uric acid. FFQ results (Block Kids Screener) indicated that dietary saturated fat (p=0.070), meat, poultry, fish, (p=0.146), protein (p=0.067), total fat (p=0.058), carbohydrates (p=0.032), fiber (p=0.003), kcal (p=0.042) and glycemic load (p=0.049) were lower for “at risk” children; they also tended to consume less food. Red blood cell membrane fatty acid profile revealed no significant differences for membrane saturated, MUFA, PUFA, n‐3 or n‐6 fatty acids. Conclusion Indicators of fat metabolism show that children with higher levels of lipid serum markers are at risk for developing metabolic syndrome. The relationship between red blood cell membrane fatty acid profile and dietary intake do not completely explain why certain Hispanic children are “at risk” for developing MetS. Support or Funding Information Research supported by Tennessee Board of Regents Diversity Grant and several Small Research Development Committee Grants from East Tennessee State University's Office of Research and Sponsored Programs.