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Effects of dietary isoflavone daidzein on fecal short‐chain‐fatty‐acid and serum cytokines in obese Female Zucker rats
Author(s) -
Hakkak Reza,
Bell Andrea
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.793.18
Subject(s) - daidzein , equol , endocrinology , medicine , gut flora , obesity , adiponectin , diet induced obese , genistein , isoflavones , soy protein , feces , weight gain , biology , food science , immunology , body weight , insulin resistance , paleontology
The obesity epidemic in the United States grows as the number of overweight and obese adults continues to rise. Obesity changes gut microbiota and is associated with a state of chronic inflammation characterized by increasing inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Soy foods are gaining popularity due to their reported health promoting effects against obesity. Daidzein is one of the isoflavones in most soy foods that can be transformed to equol (an estrogen mimetic) by gut microbiota. Recent studies have identified that gut commensal microbes exert beneficial effects partially through the production of bioactive compounds such as short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs). We previously reported that a diet containing high‐isoflavone soy protein isolate (HISPI) compared to a diet containing casein can increase body weight gain and change the gut microbiota in the obese Zucker rat model. The effects of high daidzein diet on fecal short‐chain fatty acids and serum cytokines in obese animal model are less known. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects a casein‐based diet containing high‐daidzein (HD) compared low‐daidzein (LD) on fecal SCFA levels, serum TNF‐α, IL‐6, MCP‐1 and body weight gain in obese female Zucker rats. In the present study, a total of 19 five‐week‐old obese female Zucker rats (fa/fa) were used. After one week of acclimation on an AIN‐93G diet, rats were randomly assigned to a modified AIN‐93G diet containing either HD (0.121g/kg feed) or LD (0.01g/kg feed) ad libitum for 8 weeks. Rats were weighed twice weekly and fecal samples were collected at the end of the experiment. With gas chromatographic analysis, we determined fecal SCFAs concentrations, mmol / (fecal)g : (1) acetic acid, (50.03 ± 15.51) in LD group and (54.25 ± 14.31) in HD group; (2) propionic acid, (8.42 ± 1.74) in LD group and (8.42 ± 1.77) in HD group; (3) Butyric acid, (4.52 ± 1.21) in LD group and (4.84 ± 2.34) in HD group. We used ELISA to measure the different serum cytokines: (1) TNF‐α, (3.68 ± 1.23) in LD group and (3.80 ± 0.73) in HD group; (2) IL‐6, (32.90 ± 12.67) in LD group and (33.73 ± 13.60) in HD group; (3) MCP‐1, (3012.58 ± 415) in LD group and (3593.67 ± 388.52) in HD group. Our results did not show a significant difference in mean fecal SCFA contents and serum cytokines between diet groups. Furthermore, mean body weights between groups were not significantly different (HD 475.8±24.2g vs. LD 486.4±30.4g; p=0.4). In conclusion, daidzein may not be the main component of HISPI to alter gut SCFA contents and serum cytokines or increase body weight gain in obese female Zucker rats. Support or Funding Information Arkansas BioSience Institute and The College of Medicine's University Medical Group to RH.