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Association between circulating magnesium levels and risk of coronary heart diseases, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies
Author(s) -
Xun Pengcheng,
Wu Jiang,
Tang Qingya,
Cai Wei,
He Ka
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.789.2
Subject(s) - medicine , prospective cohort study , hazard ratio , incidence (geometry) , meta analysis , relative risk , odds ratio , type 2 diabetes , type 2 diabetes mellitus , cohort study , confidence interval , diabetes mellitus , cohort , endocrinology , physics , optics
Objective To examine circulating magnesium (Mg) levels in relation to incidence of coronary heart diseases (CHD), hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Design Meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies. Data sources Studies published before September 2016 were searched through PubMed, EmBase, and Google Scholar. Eligibility criteria Prospective cohort studies that reported relative risk (RR), hazard ratio, or odds ratio and a 95% confidence interval (CI) between baseline serum or plasma Mg levels and incidences of the outcomes of interest. Results Ten studies were identified. Of them, 5 reported results on CHD (38,808 individuals [4,437 cases] with a 10.5‐year follow‐up), 3 on hypertension (14,876 participants [3,149 cases] with an average 6.7‐year follow‐up), and 3 on T2DM (22,729 participants [1,874 cases] with a 9.7‐year follow‐up). Comparing the highest to the lowest category of circulating Mg concentrations, the pooled RRs (95% CIs) were 0.86 (0.74, 0.996), 0.91 (0.80, 1.02), and 0.66 (0.49, 0.90) for incidence of CHD, hypertension, and T2DM, respectively. Every 0.1 mmol/L increment in circulating Mg levels was associated with 4% [RR: 0.96 (0.94, 0.99)] reduction in hypertension incidence. No significant linear association was found between circulating Mg levels and incidence of CHD [0.89 (0.77, 1.03)] and T2DM [0.92 (0.81, 1.04)]. Conclusions Findings from this meta‐analysis suggest that circulating Mg levels are inversely associated with incidence of CHD, hypertension, and T2DM. Further studies are warranted to establish a causal‐relationship and to identify the optimal range of circulating Mg concentration with respect to the primary prevention of CHD, hypertension, and T2DM. Support or Funding Information This study was supported by one grant from Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (14DZ2272400, to W.C.) and one grant from the National Institute of Health (R01ES021735, to K.H.).