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Very low‐level metal exposure, dietary intakes, and oxidative stress in children from Montevideo, Uruguay
Author(s) -
Kordas Katarzyna,
Roy Aditi,
Nie Jing,
Vahter Marie,
Mañay Nelly,
Martinez Gabriela,
Peregalli Fabiana
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.788.25
Subject(s) - urine , nutrient , oxidative stress , micronutrient , morning , cadmium , arsenic , zoology , chemistry , antioxidant , medicine , food science , biology , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Children are concurrently exposed to low levels of multiple toxic metals but it is unclear how these exposures affect molecular processes like oxidative stress (OS), or the extent to which dietary components may reduce OS from these pro‐oxidants. In a cross‐sectional study of 6–8 y olds from Montevideo, Uruguay, we examined: 1) association of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) levels in urine with markers of OS: urinary F 2 ‐8α isoprostane and 8‐OHdG; and 2) modification of OS by dietary intake of fruits, and vegetables and select antioxidant nutrients. 191 children provided first morning urine samples; OS markers were measured via ELISA and metals via ICP‐MS, with concentratons adjusted for specific gravities. Mothers completed two 24‐hr diet recalls at least 2 weeks apart; intake values were averaged. In complete‐case analysis (n=143), covariate‐adjusted OLS regressions were run separately for each marker of OS, entering metal as log‐transformed continuous variables. Models were further stratified by median intake of foods and nutrients. 8‐isoprostane and 8‐OHdG concentrations were (median [5%, 95%]): 1.6 [0.3, 3.8] and 40.0 [12.2, 135.9] ng/mL, respectively. Urinary As, Cd, Mn and Pb concentrations were 9.92 [4.77, 24.72], 0.06 [0.02, 0.16], 0.11 [0.05, 0.75], 1.9 [0.58, 4.4] μg/L, respectively; metals were modestly correlated (Spearman's rho 0.17–0.27). Fruit, vegetable and nutrient intake was low (median [5%, 95%]: fruit 120 [0, 462] g/d, vegetable 0 [0, 150] g/d, zinc 2.2 [0.9, 4.6] mg/kcal/d, vit C 19.4 [1.9, 86.5] μg/kcal/d, fiber 1.4 [0.5, 4.2] mg/kcal/d. Urinary metals were not associated with markers of OS. In stratified analyses, higher urinary Mn was associated with lower 8‐OHdG concentrations among children with low, but not high, consumption of vitamin C, zinc, and fiber. Higher total urinary As was associated with higher 8‐OHdG among children with low but not high vitamin C intake. Multiple metals do not appear to produce higher OS at low‐level of exposure. With differential effects in low vs. higher antioxidant nutrient intake, low‐level Mn in urine is likely reflecting the mineral's role as a antioxidant. Support or Funding Information NIEHS R21ES16523, R21ES019949