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Interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) Enhances Wound Healing of Cutaneous Flaps Following Ischemia Reperfusion Injury (IRI)
Author(s) -
Tang Ya Hui,
Lian Timothy
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.678.11
Subject(s) - medicine , ischemia , stromal cell , wound healing , angiogenesis , reperfusion injury , perfusion , necrosis , cd31 , surgery , pathology , immunohistochemistry
Cutaneous flaps are routinely used by reconstructive surgeons for the functional and cosmetic repair of wounds and defects that are the result of burn injuries, trauma, or tumor ablation. Successful reconstructions rely on the survival of these transferred tissues subjected to IRI. We found that IL‐10 is highly and persistently expressed in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and demonstrated that the introduction of BMSCs into IRI cutaneous flaps has a protective effect. Objective To determine whether IL‐10 treatment alone can protect cutaneous flaps from IRI or IL‐10 mediates the protective effect of BMSCs therapy in an animal model of cutaneous flaps following IRI. Methods A 1 × 2 cm cutaneous flap perfused by the inferior epigastric vessels were raised on C57BL/6 wild type and IL‐10 −/− mice and were subjected to 3.5 hours of ischemia and then reperfused. Animals were divided into Sham, Ischemia, Ischemia + IL‐10 and Ischemia + BMSCs. IL‐10 and BMSCs were administered intravenously. Both blood perfusion images and perfusion units were recorded by a Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis System at day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 14 post ischemia and reperfusion. Digital photography of the flap was performed on the daily basis for analysis of flap size and area of necrosis. Surface area measurements of necrosis was determined with digital image software analysis (Image J; NIH). Biomarkers of endothelial cells (CD31) and immune cells (CD3 and F4/80) were also analysed in IRI flaps using Immunohistochemistry. Results The percent necrosis decreased significantly in mice with either IL‐10 or BMSCs treatment comparison with control on day 3, 5 and 7 post IRI. There was a significant increase in perfusion in all proximal areas at day 5 and distal areas at day 9 compared with immediate postoperative values (p<0.05). The perfusion was significantly decreased in proximal areas at day 1, and in distal areas at day 1 to 7 in both ischemia control and IL‐10 and BMSCs groups compared with Sham (p<0.05). There was a modest increment in blood perfusion in both proximal and distal areas of IL‐10 and BMSCs groups compared to the Ischemia control. Conclusion IL‐10 participated and contributed the protective effect to the animal model of cutaneous flap subjected to IRI. Support or Funding Information Supported by a Malcolm Feist Postdoctoral Fellowship