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Profiling of inflammatory biomarkers in synovial fluid from patients undergoing primary total joint arthroplasty
Author(s) -
Finkler Elissa,
Wanderling Christopher,
Thorson Chase,
Galicia Kevin,
Statz Stephen,
Fareed Jawed,
Hopkinson William
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.657.19
Subject(s) - synovial fluid , arthrotomy , medicine , cartilage , arthroplasty , total knee arthroplasty , biomarker , osteoarthritis , surgery , pathology , arthroscopy , chemistry , biochemistry , alternative medicine , anatomy
Synovial fluid is an intra‐articular fluid whose main function is to lubricate joints and decrease the coefficient of friction. Synovial fluid contains various proteins, such as lubricin, which contributes to maintaining joint homeostasis and preserving articulating cartilage. The role of inflammatory biomarkers in degenerative joint disease (DJD) has been well established. Previous reports have suggested that increased levels of biomarkers such as IL‐1b, CRP, and MP‐TP play a role in the mediation of inflammatory responses. It is hypothesized that the levels of these biomarkers may provide additional information on the pathogenesis of DJD. This study is designed to profile synovial fluid samples for these biomarkers. Materials and Methods This study consisted of 25 patients undergoing primary total joint arthroplasty (TJA) of the hip or knee for DJD. Procedures were performed by one of four attending orthopaedic arthroplasty surgeons. Patients were consented prior to surgery in accordance with LUMC IRB. At the time of arthrotomy, a sample of synovial fluid was obtained using a syringe and placed into a tube containing calcium citrate for preservation and analysis. Biomarkers including IL‐1b, MP‐TF and CRP were measured using commercially available ELISA methods from R&D laboratories (Minneapolis, MN). Total protein levels were measured by nantrope technology. Results Total protein levels ranged from 5–65 mg/ml (mean 18 mg/ml +/− standard deviation 13 mg/ml). IL‐1b levels ranged from 0.04–0.96 pg/ml (0.19pg/ml +/−0.18pg/ml). MP‐TF levels ranged from 0–55 pg/ml (14pg/ml+/−19pg/ml). CRP levels ranged from 0–7 ug/ml (1.5 ug/ml +/− 1.9ug/ml). Discussion The results from this study demonstrate that synovial fluid from patients with DJD contains detectable levels of inflammatory biomarkers. The presence of IL‐1b and CRP is highly suggestive of an ongoing inflammatory process which may hold significance in the pathophysiology of DJD whereas MP‐TF levels indicate similar degradation products and is a thrombotic biomarker in the form of microparticles complexing with tissue factor. The wide variation in the levels of these markers may suggest differing degrees of degenerative and inflammatory processes. These levels can be quantified to provide more insight into the role of these mediators in the pathogenesis of DJD.