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Plant Polyphenol Extract Regulated Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase and Tristetraprolin Gene Expression in Cultured Mouse Cells
Author(s) -
Cao Heping,
Sethumadhavan Kandan,
Anderson Richard
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.646.60
Subject(s) - polyphenol , diacylglycerol kinase , gene expression , tristetraprolin , insulin , gene , insulin resistance , lipid droplet , quercetin , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , messenger rna , enzyme , untranslated region , protein kinase c , antioxidant
Bioactive componentsin plant products have been used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases since ancient history. One of the major classes of bioactive compounds is plant polyphenols, which are found in plant seeds, fruits, leaves and bark. Previous studies have shown that cinnamon is beneficial to people with insulin resistance due in part to the insulin‐like activity of cinnamon polyphenol extract (CPE). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of CPE, cottonseed extract and insulin on the expression of diacylglycerolacyltransferase (DGAT) and tristetraprolin(TTP), two important gene families whose protein products are related to fatbiosynthesis and anti‐inflammatory response in mammalian cells. DGATs areintegral membrane proteins that catalyze the last step of triacylglycerols (TAGs)biosynthesis in eukaryotic organisms. Plants and animals deficient in DGATs accumulate less TAGs and over‐expression of DGATs increases TAGs. DGAT knockoutmice are resistant to diet‐induced obesity. This study used cultured mouse3T3‐L1 adipocytes and RAW264.7 macrophages. The pre‐adipocytes were induced to oil‐droplet‐filled adipocytes and subsequently treated with insulin (0, 10 and 100 nM) and CPE (0, 10 and 100 μg/ml) for 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. RAW macrophages were treated with CPE (100 μg/ml), insulin (100 nM) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 0.1 μg/ml) for 0, 30, 60, 120 and 240 min. Total RNAs were extracted from the cells and converted into cDNAs. TaqMan quantitative real‐time PCR was used to evaluate mRNA levels of mouse DGAT1, DGAT2 and TTP genes using RPL32 and UBQLN3 as internal references. Results showed that DGAT mRNA levels were generally decreased and ZTTP mRNA levels were modestly increased by insulin and CPE in adipoctyes. Insulin and CPE effects on DGAT2 and TTP gene expression were modestly increased but LPS increased TTP mRNA levels up to50‐fold in macrophages. The results from cottonseed extracts will be discussed. Our results support the idea that CPE has insulin‐like effects and suggest apotential positive effect of CPE in reducing fat biosynthesis in adipocytes and increasing anti‐inflammatory activities in macrophages. The significance of this study is that CPE could be potentially useful for obesity prevention. Support or Funding Information Supported by USDA‐ARS Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products Research Program 306 through CRIS 6054‐41000‐103‐00D.