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Secular trends in adult and adolescent maternal nutritional status and birth size from 2008–2012 in rural Bangladesh
Author(s) -
Na Muzi,
Shamim Abu Ahmed,
Labrique Alain L.,
Ali Hasmot,
Wu Lee ShuFune,
Shaikh Saijuddin,
Klemm Rolf D.W.,
Christine Parul,
West Keith P.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.639.21
Subject(s) - medicine , birth weight , gestational age , pregnancy , obstetrics , cohort , gestation , weight gain , anthropometry , micronutrient , weight change , demography , pediatrics , obesity , weight loss , body weight , biology , genetics , pathology , sociology
The aim of this study was to examine secular, including seasonal, trends in maternal nutritional status and birth size in a cohort of 7784 mother‐newborn pairs in northwest rural Bangladesh. Mothers had participated in a micronutrient supplementation trial from early pregnancy to ~3 months postpartum from 2008 to 2012. Eligible women were enrolled in the first trimester (TM, <12 weeks of gestation) and gave birth to live, term singletons (>=37 weeks gestational age). Weekly gestational weight gain and mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) change between 1 st and 3 rd TM, birth weight and length and weekly postpartum change in weight and MUAC from 1 mo to 3 mo postpartum were plotted by calendar month and year of birth throughout the period of study, for all maternal ages combined and stratified by age group (<19 vs >=19 yr). Changes in gestational weight gain and MUAC followed a seasonal pattern each year that peaked for women delivering in April–May (Δ=306~310 g/wk and 25.7~28.7 mm/wk, respectively) and reached a nadir for women delivering in ~Nov (Δ=195~216 g/wk, −35.3~−23.1 mm/wk, respectively). Mean birth weight and length were 2.64 kg and 47.2 cm across all years. Birth weight and length were lowest in December (~2.56 kg and ~46.5 cm) and highest in May–July (~2.70 kg and ~47.4 cm). Weight and MUAC change during lactation peaked for women delivering in Nov–Dec (42.0~50.0 kg/wk and 73.0~84.3 mm/wk), ebbed in February (−94.5~ −75.5 g/wk and −1.5~8.7 mm/wk). No year‐to‐year variance was observed in maternal changes in nutritional indicators or birth size. All seasonal patterns of maternal weight and MUAC change in pregnancy and lactation were similar in adult and adolescent ages; however, birth weight and length were significantly lower in children born to adolescent than adult mothers, possibly reflecting competing nutritional demands of a still‐growing mother and fetus in a marginally nourished setting. Striking seasonality in maternal gain and birth size fluctuations may pose varied short‐ and longer‐ term health risks for offspring throughout life. Support or Funding Information Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (GH614)