Premium
Soluble Dietary Fiber in Obesity‐Associated Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in African American Women
Author(s) -
Nance Sierra A.,
Duncan A'ja V.,
Gwathmey TanYa M.,
Hairston Kristen G.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.434.2
Subject(s) - medicine , oxidative stress , inflammation , placebo , obesity , adipose tissue , endocrinology , systemic inflammation , metabolic syndrome , overweight , physiology , pathology , alternative medicine
Obesity is a growing epidemic afflicting 1 in every 3 adults in the U.S. and characterized by an excessive accumulation of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). VAT induces inflammation through the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and consequently promotes oxidative stress, increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent studies suggest that dietary fiber induces weight loss in obese subjects; however, there is little evidence regarding the effects of fiber on inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, the present study set out to determine if increased soluble dietary fiber intake reduced obesity‐associated inflammation and oxidative stress in a cohort of premenopausal, non‐diabetic, obese African American women. Subjects were randomized to receive 24 grams/day of Benefiber® (n=7) or placebo (n=9) over a 12‐week period. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 12‐week follow‐up visits. Changes in VAT were determined by computed tomography. At the end of the trial, a reduction in VAT was observed for both the fiber supplemented and placebo groups (−17.56 ± 5.03 vs −12.58 ± 4.29); however, the percent change in serum levels for the pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐8 were significantly lower in the fiber‐treated group compared to the placebo group (−22.4 ± 13.67 vs 10.34 ± 6.47; p=0.03). There was no effect of fiber supplementation on the percent change in serum CRP expression (−87.49 ± 40.88 vs −94.54 ± 38.91); the percent change in serum levels of oxidative stress marker, 8OHdG (4.75 ± 3.98 vs −0.87 ± 3.34); or percent change in serum cortisol levels (10.53 + 12.83 vs −6.80 + 8.38). However, significant positive correlations were observed between VAT and CRP (R 2 =0.19; p=0.04); VAT and 8OHdG (R 2 =0.20; p=0.03); and cortisol and 8OHdG (R 2 =0.32; p=0.01). In summary, increased soluble dietary fiber intake reduced IL‐8 levels, while elevated levels of VAT were associated with increased levels of CRP and 8OHdG, suggesting that soluble dietary fiber mitigates obesity‐associated inflammation as a consequence of fat loss, accompanied by reduced levels of oxidative stress. In conclusion, increasing intake of soluble dietary fiber may be beneficial in reducing the risk for CVD, especially in high‐risk populations, such as African American women. Support or Funding Information Hypertension & Vascular Research Pilot Funding (PI: Hairston)