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Dietary Fiber Supplementation Normalizes Serum Metabolites of Adults with Overweight/Obesity in a 12‐Week Randomized Control Trial
Author(s) -
Mayengbam Shyamchand,
Lambert Jennifer E.,
Parnell Jill A.,
Tunnicliffe Jasmine M.,
Han Jay,
Sturzenegger Troy,
Vogel Hans J.,
Shearer Jane,
Reimer Raylene A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.433.5
Subject(s) - deoxycholic acid , dyslipidemia , feces , overweight , medicine , bile acid , obesity , gut flora , endocrinology , chemistry , food science , biochemistry , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Obesity predisposes to the development of several metabolic insults such as glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. It is also associated with alterations in gut microbiota and their metabolites in humans. A growing body of evidence demonstrates the importance of dietary fiber in preventing and managing several metabolic diseases. The current study aimed to provide mechanistic insight into the potential beneficial effects of yellow pea fiber in treating obesity‐related metabolic dysfunctions. A total of 53 overweight and obese adults were randomly assigned to a pea fiber (PF, n=29) or control (CO, n=24) group for 12 weeks. The PF group received wafers containing 5g/serving of yellow pea fiber thrice a day, while the CO group received an isocaloric amount of control wafer with no fiber. Serum and fecal samples were collected at baseline and at the end of the study. We employed 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy and LC‐MS to analyse serum metabolites; and GC‐MS and HPLC‐DAD to analyse fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs) respectively. Serum metabolomics analysis revealed impairments in acetylcarnitine, hexose, and certain glycerophsopholipids, SCFAs and amino acids concentrations in CO group which were not observed in the PF group compared to their baseline values. On the other hand, there was no significant change in fecal SCFAs and BAs in CO group. However, we found a significant increase in fecal acetate ( P =0.039) and significant decreases in fecal isovalerate ( P =0.015), cholic acid ( P =0.011), deoxycholic acid ( P =0.014) and total BAs ( P =0.042) content in the PF group compared to baseline. A pathway analysis indicated potential defects in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, aminoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, butanoate metabolism and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism in CO group which could be prevented by the addition of yellow pea fiber in the diet. Thus, the current study provided crucial mechanistic insight for the role of yellow pea fiber in the management of obesity and related diseases Support or Funding Information Alberta Innovates‐Health Solutions, Alberta Innovates‐Bio Solutions, Alberta Pulse Growers Commission; Eyes High Postdoctoral Fellowship